Economic integration refers to trade unification between different states by the partial or full elimination of customs duties, tariffs, quotas, licenses and nontariff barriers antidumping measures and countervailing duties on trade taking place between them. Strengthening caribbean regional integration, wp208, january. Regional integration the caribbean development portal. Integration of the economic commission for latin america and the caribbean. Caribbean regional integration regional integration and cooperation long seen as critical to caribbean development, pre and post independence unsuccessful attempt at political union west indies federation 195862 parallel and intersecting paths of economic integration and institutional poolingcooperation. Sep 20, 2017 the quest for regional integration in the caribbean successes and challenges. In reality the question of regional integration is also related to an extraordinary variety of economic, political and sociocultural issues.
Regional integration refers to various economic and political agreements that are formed between sovereign countries. Regional integration csec cxc exams social studies questions. Correctly use concepts and terms associated with regional integration regional integration 3. Caribbean regional integration caribbean community. This paper analyzes the role of regional integration in promoting global business, discusses the advantages and. Regional integration caribbean challenges international.
Triggered by security, political and economic motivations, these schemes were initially. In the summer of 1963, 30 newly independent countries came together to establish the organization of african unity oau, the precursor to the presentday african union au. Mwasha abstract regional economic integration rei refers to the commercial policy of discriminatively reducing or eliminating trade barriers only between the states joining together. Regional integration has remained a political and economic priority for africa since the dawn of independence in the continent. The caribbean was faced with global economic convulsions of unprecedented proportions, which had reinforced convictions that regional integration is the last best hope for the caribbean community caricom. In actuality, especially in the caribbean, regional integration is widely criticized, with a prevailing tendency to view the phenomenon as a means by which newly gained sovereignty is. Usually integration involves one or more written agreements that describe the areas of cooperation in detail, as well as some coordinating bodies representing the countries involved. June 2004, q6 a name two member countries of the organisation of eastern caribbean states oecs. Dec 12, 2011 it is extremely difficult for the eu to mobilise the promised funds.
Theories and approaches introduction the devastation and havoc brought by world war ii forced politicians, thinkers and humanists to think seriously about the means that should be adopted in the relations among the nations that could significantly reduce the. Aug 14, 2019 the chapter gives an overview of regional integration efforts from the time of the west indies federation to the caribbean free trade association and the caribbean community caricom. Regional integration is when an economic alliance or trade agreement is formed among countries that are located geographically close to one another. Definition of terms multilateral agreement trade agreement.
Pdf historical overview of integration processes in the caribbean. What are the factors that hinders regional integration. Role of regional integration regional economic integration is fast becoming a major factor in promoting global business. Regional integration, trade and conflict in latin america. From the literature3 and experience, some traditional and nontraditional gains from regional integration arrangements could be identified, including. Regional integration refers to various types of political and economic agreements that form closer ties between sovereign countries. The primary purpose of the acs is to develop greater trade between.
Regional integration associated files with this video can be found on. Development is a multifaceted issue and can be viewed from the perspective of human and economic development. We argue, with the help of an empirical growth model, that the traditional gains from regional integration are bound to be limited for three reasons. There are four main types of regional economic integration. Unsuccessful attempt at political union west indies federation 195862 parallel and intersecting paths of economic integration and institutional poolingcooperation. Obstacles to regional integration in latin america and the. This paper draws on the literature on trade, growth and regional agreements to discuss the motivation behind the caribbean drive for integration, the results obtained so far and what is in stock for the future. One benefit to regional integration in the caribbean is the fact that the regions will have more resources.
Regional economic integration has enabled countries to focus on issues that are relevant to their stage of development as well as encourage trade between neighbors. Security cooperation in the caribbean brig general. Regional economic integration refers to agreements between countries in a geographic region to reduce, and eventually remove, tariff and nontariff barriers to the free flow of goods, services, and factors of production. Lecture, eclac caribbean development round table, trinidad and tobago, port of spain, september, 2011. It was formed with the aim of promoting consultation, cooperation, and concerted action among all the countries of the caribbean. Economic integration initiatives over the past 60 years have progressed from i a failed. Regional integration in the caribbean, remarks by mr. Jun 19, 2007 experience elsewhere shows that regional integration also strengthens the ability of countries to cope with negative shocks. Explain 3 strategies apart from the use of fliers and seminars that caribbean leader may use to educate citizens about the benefit of regional integration. Lessons in regional integration from the caribbean crawford. The economies of the caribbean community caricom are undergoing a process of economic reform in which market based policies, including trade. What are the factors that hinders regional integration answers. Regional integration and the problems of caribbean and. The west indies federation was the first of few such regional integration processes that followed.
Jun 16, 2015 the phenomenon of regional integration. Caribbean elections understanding regional integration. This panel puts forward a considerable conceptual challenge, that is to link and prospect the role of latin american and caribbean diasporas in united states foreign policymaking towards latin america and the caribbean. From 1991 barbados has led the economic integration dimension of the caribbean community known today as the caricom single market and economy csme. Regional integration and cooperation long seen as critical to. The purpose of this study is to analyse the caribbean regional integration process, to help identify options for moving it forward.
Definition a number of groups,societies or countries within an area joining together to cooperate and operate under one system or as one group 3. May 22, 2016 this is part 1 of a video giving information on regional integration, under the topic challenges and opportunities of regional integration. Challenges and opportunities for caribbean economic. The disadvantages of regional integration include limited fiscal capabilities, cultural centralization, creation of trading blocs, diversion of trade and surrendering some degree of sovereignty. This paper draws on the literature on trade, growth and.
This chapter also examines how the caribbean community operates as a regional organization. Explain and correctly use concepts and terms associated with regional integration. This in turn will help to inform future strategic engagement by different stakeholders with a view to facilitating and assisting in the development of the regional. The main theoretical contribution was the concept of spillover. The benefits of regional economic integration for developing countries in africa. Speaking notes the limitations of small size have been the main motive for economic integration initiatives in the anglophone caribbean. The chapter gives an overview of regional integration efforts from the time of the west indies federation to the caribbean free trade association and the caribbean community caricom. Outline the member states in the integration movements from 1958 onwards. Caribbean regional strategic framework on hiv and aids. This video was created for persons doing their csec. It is extremely difficult for the eu to mobilise the promised funds. The objectives of the agreement could range from economic to political to environmental, although it has typically taken the form of a political economy initiative where commercial interests are the focus for achieving broader socio. Locate member states in the federation, caricom and oecs on a regional map. Regional cooperation regional integration sustainable development goals sdgs report of the workshop to accelerate the sustainable development goals implementation in the caribbean 18 may 2017, port of spain, trinidad and tobago.
Action learning adaptive leadership appreciative inquiry change leadership citizen centred service coaching communication complexity and wicked problems delegation engagement environment evidencebased decisionmaking feedback gender and diversity governance and accountability health and wellness innovation innovation in the caribbean. The quest for regional integration in the caribbean. Challenges and opportunities for caribbean economic integration summary in 1973, the smaller, largely englishspeaking countries of the eastern caribbean launched the caribbean comm unity and common market caricom, an integration plan intende d to coordinate a nd enhance the collective economic and social development of 15 countries. National regional dynamics in the integration process 29 c. Compliance and implementation problems laura gomez mera introduction the 1990s saw a resurgence of regional trade initiatives in latin america and the caribbean lac. Clearly, the process of european integration within the ec has gone further than integration in other regional settings.
The quest for regional integration in the caribbean citeseerx. While german and british agencies, for instance, are actively involved, more needs to be done. Regional integration is a process in which neighboring states enter into an agreement in order to upgrade cooperation through common institutions and rules. Caribbean regional integration caribbean export intelligence portal. With more resources the regions can compete globally. Regional integration is a process in which countries enter into a regional agreement in order to enhance regional cooperation through regional structure and rules. Major challenges facing the caribbean region major stages in the integration movement functions of the various organizations oecs secretariat, caricom secretariat, conference of heads of government objectives of the various organizations. Regional integration and cooperation long seen as critical to caribbean development, pre and post independence. In addition, member states in the subregion are members of the organisation of the eastern caribbean states oecs. Regional integration in the caribbean springerlink. The evolution of institutional integration in the caribbean. The objectives of the agreement could range from economic to political to environmental, although it has typically taken the form of a political economy initiative where commercial interests are the focus for achieving broader.
Regional integration in the caribbean essay 23 words. However, it seems fair to say that collective decisionmaking is an important aspect of all regional integration efforts. Usually integration involves one or more written agreements that describe the areas of cooperation in detail, as well as some coordinating. Polands accession to the eu proves the economic and political benefits of deeper integration, may mitigate fears of marginalisation and domination by regional hegemons, and can disperse concerns over lost sovereignty. This is the most basic form of economic cooperation.
Regional integration in the caribbean is mainly through the caribbean community, or caricom. The 2008 edf has earmarked 143 million to further regional integration, support epa implementation in the caribbean and boost private sector competitiveness. Economic and political integration have been a perennial and neuralgic issue in the caribbean agenda. This paper analyzes the role of regional integration in promoting global business, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of regional integration using a trading block as an example, and. Oecs, caricom, csme factors that promote regional integration. This is a particularly relevant benefit for the caribbean region where, as you know, the impact of shocks can be devastating for any single economy. This cooperation usually begins with economic integration and as it continues, comes to include political integration. To advance this work further a department of the caricom secretariat was established in barbados, in 2002, to direct regional energies towards the single market and economy. The discussion is concluded by a few observations on challenges facing regional integration in eastern and southern africa esa.
Definition of terms regional a bloc or geographic regionarea that have things in common. Caribbean trade and integration digital repository economic. Deeper economic integration within the caribbean has been a regional. That is not unexpected since the region comprises an array of historically developed. Caribbean regional strategic framework on hiv 20142018 executive summary since the inception of the pan caribbean partnership against hiv pancap in 2001, the caribbean regional response to hiv has made significant strides. Bilateral agreement trade agreement between two companies or countries. Such policies vary from trade agreements to more extensive treaties in which individual member countries sacrifice part of their national sovereignty to a higher. This in turn will help to inform future strategic engagement by different stakeholders with a view to facilitating and assisting in the development of the regional integration agenda, by.
In order for a holistic caribbean development to take place, integration within the region is essential and there have been toward this regional movement since the preindependence era. Regional integration is the process by which two or more nationstates agree to cooperate and work closely together to achieve peace, stability and wealth. Regional integration explain 3 strategies apart from the use of fliers and seminars that caribbean leader may use to educate citizens about the benefit of regional integration. If goods are sufficiently strong substitutes, regional trade agreements will cause the demand for third party goods to decrease, which will drive down. The course uses caribbean examinations council cxc csec objectives for the regional integration unit in the social studies syllabus. The quest for regional integration in the caribbean successes and challenges. Essay about regional integration in the caribbean 67 words. Regional collaboration and integration will also help overcome the limitations and vulnerabilities inherent in the relatively small size of individual economies. A relatively loose definition may be better for comparative studies. The purpose of this study is to analyse the caribbean regional integration process. The quest for regional integration in the caribbean successes and challenges norman girvan, professor emeritus of the university of the west indies 10 minutes. Regional integration in the caribbean essay 23 words cram. It also highlighted the involvement and reliance on external powers for. As one analyst states, the recognition of the seminal truth that only a unified caribbean, politically and economically, can save the region from its fatal particularism is at least a century old.
Such policies vary from trade agreements to more extensive treaties in which individual member countries sacrifice part of their national sovereignty to a higher entity. It argues, with the help of descriptive statistics, an empirical growth model and a gravity model, that the traditional, trade related gains from regional integration have been. Continued progress toward a common caribbean market will allow small economies to pool their resources and provide local firms with access to larger marketsa key foundation for. Economic and political integration has long been a painful issue on the caribbean agenda. The role of donors in caribbean regional integration 36 a. Alan winters world bank policy research working paper 2872, july 2002 the policy research working paper series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. This chapter also examines how the caribbean community operates as a regional. Document of the world bank group for official use only. Jun 27, 2018 regional integration refers to various types of political and economic agreements that form closer ties between sovereign countries.
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